Overview of Uterine Fibroids and Their Impact

Uterine fibroids are non-cancerous tumors that develop in the uterus, commonly during a woman’s reproductive years. These growths are composed of muscle cells and fibrous tissue and can vary significantly in size. One of the primary symptoms of uterine fibroids is heavy menstrual bleeding, medically known as menorrhagia. This symptom can significantly impact a woman’s quality of life.

Pathophysiology Behind Heavy Periods

The exact mechanism by which fibroids cause heavy periods is complex and multifactorial. One theory is that fibroids distort the uterus, interfering with the normal mechanisms that control menstrual bleeding. Additionally, fibroids located near the lining of the uterus, known as submucosal fibroids, can cause more bleeding than other types due to their location influencing the endometrial surface.

Implications for Treatment

Treatment options for heavy periods caused by uterine fibroids include hormonal therapies, which aim to reduce bleeding and shrink fibroids, and surgical options, such as myomectomy or hysterectomy, depending on the severity and the individual’s desire for future fertility.