Overview of Osteoarthritis Treatments

Osteoarthritis, a degenerative joint disease, primarily affects the cartilage lining of the joints. Treatment focuses on reducing pain, maintaining mobility, and minimizing disability. It often includes lifestyle modifications, medications, physical therapy, and in some cases, surgery.

Medications

Pain management is crucial in osteoarthritis care. Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as acetaminophen and NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), are commonly employed. For more severe cases, stronger painkillers may be prescribed. It’s important to monitor for potential side effects, especially gastrointestinal or cardiovascular issues.

Lifestyle Adjustments

Weight management and regular exercise improve mobility and reduce joint stress. Low-impact activities such as swimming and cycling are recommended. Dietary changes that include anti-inflammatory foods can also be beneficial.

Physical Therapy and Assistive Devices

Physical therapy helps maintain joint function and reduce pain. Therapists can teach exercises that strengthen joint-supporting muscles. Assistive devices like braces or shoe inserts can alleviate stress on joints.

Surgical Options

In advanced cases, surgical procedures like arthroscopy, osteotomy, or joint replacements might be necessary. These interventions are considered when other treatments fail to alleviate symptoms.